Stop and Frisk practices originate from which landmark case?

The practice of "stop and frisk" originates from the landmark case Terry v. Ohio. In this 1968 Supreme Court decision, the Court established that police officers are allowed to stop an individual and conduct a limited search for weapons if they have a reasonable belief that the person is involved in criminal activity and may be armed. This case set forth the standard of "reasonable suspicion," which differs from the probable cause standard required for arrest.

Terry v. Ohio was significant because it struck a balance between the need for police to ensure their own safety during encounters with potentially dangerous individuals and the Fourth Amendment rights of citizens against unreasonable searches and seizures. Consequently, it laid the legal foundation for stop and frisk practices used by law enforcement across the United States.

In contrast, the other cases mentioned—Miranda v. Arizona, Roe v. Wade, and Brown v. Board of Education—address different legal issues. Miranda v. Arizona pertains to the rights of individuals in police custody, Roe v. Wade deals with abortion rights, and Brown v. Board of Education focuses on racial segregation in schools. These cases do not relate to stop and frisk practices specifically.